TY - JOUR T1 - Video Précis: Highlighting Diverse Aspects of Videos JF - IEEE Transactions on Multimedia Y1 - 2010 A1 - Shroff, N. A1 - Turaga,P. A1 - Chellapa, Rama KW - $K$-means KW - CAMERAS KW - combinatorial mathematics KW - combinatorial optimization KW - Cost function KW - data compression KW - Exemplar selection KW - Image segmentation KW - Internet KW - Iron KW - Length measurement KW - multimedia systems KW - Ncut KW - optimisation KW - Optimization methods KW - original video KW - Permission KW - shot segmentation KW - Surveillance KW - user specified summary length KW - video précis KW - Video sharing KW - video signal processing KW - Video summarization AB - Summarizing long unconstrained videos is gaining importance in surveillance, web-based video browsing, and video-archival applications. Summarizing a video requires one to identify key aspects that contain the essence of the video. In this paper, we propose an approach that optimizes two criteria that a video summary should embody. The first criterion, “coverage,” requires that the summary be able to represent the original video well. The second criterion, “diversity,” requires that the elements of the summary be as distinct from each other as possible. Given a user-specified summary length, we propose a cost function to measure the quality of a summary. The problem of generating a précis is then reduced to a combinatorial optimization problem of minimizing the proposed cost function. We propose an efficient method to solve the optimization problem. We demonstrate through experiments (on KTH data, unconstrained skating video, a surveillance video, and a YouTube home video) that optimizing the proposed criterion results in meaningful video summaries over a wide range of scenarios. Summaries thus generated are then evaluated using both quantitative measures and user studies. VL - 12 SN - 1520-9210 CP - 8 M3 - 10.1109/TMM.2010.2058795 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Meaningful presentations of photo libraries: rationale and applications of bi-level radial quantum layouts T2 - Proceedings of the 5th ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital Libraries, 2005. JCDL '05 Y1 - 2005 A1 - Kustanowitz,J. A1 - Shneiderman, Ben KW - 1024 pixel KW - 1200 pixel KW - 1280 pixel KW - 1310720 pixel KW - 1600 pixel KW - 1920000 pixel KW - Application software KW - bi-level radial quantum layouts KW - Computer displays KW - Computer science KW - digital libraries KW - Educational institutions KW - Image retrieval KW - Layout KW - layout generation KW - Lifting equipment KW - linear strips KW - Permission KW - photo layouts KW - photo library searching KW - photo management KW - Photography KW - Quantum computing KW - software libraries KW - Strips KW - two-dimensional grid KW - User interfaces KW - visual databases KW - visual presentation KW - zoomable three dimensional arrangements AB - Searching photo libraries can be made more satisfying and successful if search results are presented in a way that allows users to gain an overview of the photo categories. Since photo layouts on computer displays are the primary way that users get an overview, we propose a novel approach to show more photos in meaningful groupings. Photo layouts can be linear strips, or zoomable three dimensional arrangements, but the most common form is the two-dimensional grid. This paper introduces a novel bi-level hierarchical layout with motivating examples. In a bilevel hierarchy, one region is designated for primary content - an image, text, or combination. Adjacent to that region, groups of photos are placed radially in an ordered fashion, such that the relationship of the single primary region to its many secondary regions is apparent. A compelling aspect is the interactive experience in which the layout is dynamically resized, allowing users to rapidly, incrementally, and reversibly alter the dimensions and content. It can accommodate hundreds of photos in dozens of regions, can be customized in a corner or center layout, and can scale from an element on a web page to a large poster size. On typical displays (1024 times 1280 or 1200 times 1600 pixels), bi-level radial quantum layouts can conveniently accommodate 2-20 regions with tens or hundreds of photos per region JA - Proceedings of the 5th ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital Libraries, 2005. JCDL '05 PB - IEEE SN - 1-58113-876-8 M3 - 10.1145/1065385.1065431 ER -