TY - CONF T1 - Visualizing digital library search results with categorical and hierarchical axes T2 - Proceedings of the fifth ACM conference on Digital libraries Y1 - 2000 A1 - Shneiderman, Ben A1 - Feldman,David A1 - Rose,Anne A1 - Grau,Xavier Ferré KW - categorical axes KW - digital libraries KW - Graphical user interfaces KW - hierarchy KW - hieraxes KW - Information Visualization AB - Digital library search results are usually shown as a textual list, with 10-20 items per page. Viewing several thousand search results at once on a two-dimensional display with continuous variables is a promising alternative. Since these displays can overwhelm some users, we created a simplified two-dimensional display that uses categorical and hierarchical axes, called hieraxes. Users appreciate the meaningful and limited number of terms on each hieraxis. At each grid point of the display we show a cluster of color-coded dots or a bar chart. Users see the entire result set and can then click on labels to move down a level in the hierarchy. Handling broad hierarchies and arranging for imposed hierarchies led to additional design innovations. We applied hieraxes to a digital video library of science topics used by middle school teachers, a legal information system, and a technical library using the ACM Computing Classification System. Feedback from usability testing with 32 subjects revealed strengths and weaknesses. JA - Proceedings of the fifth ACM conference on Digital libraries T3 - DL '00 PB - ACM CY - New York, NY, USA SN - 1-58113-231-X UR - http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/336597.336637 M3 - 10.1145/336597.336637 ER -