@article {18191, title = {Data hiding in curves with application to fingerprinting maps}, journal = {Signal Processing, IEEE Transactions on}, volume = {53}, year = {2005}, month = {2005/10//}, pages = {3988 - 4005}, abstract = {This paper presents a new data hiding method for curves. The proposed algorithm parameterizes a curve using the B-spline model and adds a spread spectrum sequence to the coordinates of the B-spline control points. In order to achieve robust fingerprint detection, an iterative alignment-minimization algorithm is proposed to perform curve registration and to deal with the nonuniqueness of B-spline control points. Through experiments, we demonstrate the robustness of the proposed data-hiding algorithm against various attacks, such as collusion, cropping, geometric transformations, vector/raster-raster/vector conversions, printing-and-scanning, and some of their combinations. We also show the feasibility of our method for fingerprinting topographic maps as well as writings and drawings.}, keywords = {(mathematics);, algorithm;, alignment-minimization, B-spline, CONTROL, curve, data, detection;, edge, embedding;, encapsulation;, fingerprint, geospatial, hiding, identification;, image, iterative, method;, methods;, minimisation;, point;, protection;, registration;, sequence;, spectrum, splines, spread, watermarking;}, isbn = {1053-587X}, doi = {10.1109/TSP.2005.855411}, author = {Gou,Hongmei and M. Wu} } @conference {18190, title = {Data hiding in curves for collusion-resistant digital fingerprinting}, booktitle = {Image Processing, 2004. ICIP {\textquoteright}04. 2004 International Conference on}, volume = {1}, year = {2004}, month = {2004/10//}, pages = {51 - 54 Vol. 1 - 51 - 54 Vol. 1}, abstract = {This paper presents a new data hiding method for curves. The proposed algorithm parameterizes a curve using the B-spline model and adds a spread spectrum sequence in the coordinates of the B-spline control points. We demonstrate through experiments the robustness of the proposed data hiding algorithm against printing-and-scanning and collusions, and show its feasibility for collusion-resistant fingerprinting of topographic maps as well as writings/drawings from pen-based input devices.}, keywords = {(mathematics);, B-spline, coding;, collusion-resistant, CONTROL, data, devices;, digital, document, encapsulation;, extraction;, feature, fingerprinting;, hiding;, image, INPUT, maps;, model;, pen-based, points;, printing-and-scanning, processing;, robustness;, sequence;, spectrum, splines, spread, topographic, watermarking;}, doi = {10.1109/ICIP.2004.1418687}, author = {Gou,Hongmei and M. Wu} }