@conference {17288,
	title = {Meaningful presentations of photo libraries: rationale and applications of bi-level radial quantum layouts},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 5th ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital Libraries, 2005. JCDL {\textquoteright}05},
	year = {2005},
	month = {2005/06/07/11},
	pages = {188 - 196},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	abstract = {Searching photo libraries can be made more satisfying and successful if search results are presented in a way that allows users to gain an overview of the photo categories. Since photo layouts on computer displays are the primary way that users get an overview, we propose a novel approach to show more photos in meaningful groupings. Photo layouts can be linear strips, or zoomable three dimensional arrangements, but the most common form is the two-dimensional grid. This paper introduces a novel bi-level hierarchical layout with motivating examples. In a bilevel hierarchy, one region is designated for primary content - an image, text, or combination. Adjacent to that region, groups of photos are placed radially in an ordered fashion, such that the relationship of the single primary region to its many secondary regions is apparent. A compelling aspect is the interactive experience in which the layout is dynamically resized, allowing users to rapidly, incrementally, and reversibly alter the dimensions and content. It can accommodate hundreds of photos in dozens of regions, can be customized in a corner or center layout, and can scale from an element on a web page to a large poster size. On typical displays (1024 times 1280 or 1200 times 1600 pixels), bi-level radial quantum layouts can conveniently accommodate 2-20 regions with tens or hundreds of photos per region},
	keywords = {1024 pixel, 1200 pixel, 1280 pixel, 1310720 pixel, 1600 pixel, 1920000 pixel, Application software, bi-level radial quantum layouts, Computer displays, Computer science, digital libraries, Educational institutions, Image retrieval, Layout, layout generation, Lifting equipment, linear strips, Permission, photo layouts, photo library searching, photo management, Photography, Quantum computing, software libraries, Strips, two-dimensional grid, User interfaces, visual databases, visual presentation, zoomable three dimensional arrangements},
	isbn = {1-58113-876-8},
	doi = {10.1145/1065385.1065431},
	author = {Kustanowitz,J. and Shneiderman, Ben}
}
@conference {17155,
	title = {Extending the utility of treemaps with flexible hierarchy},
	booktitle = {Eighth International Conference on Information Visualisation, 2004. IV 2004. Proceedings},
	year = {2004},
	month = {2004/07/14/16},
	pages = {335 - 344},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	abstract = {Treemaps are a visualization technique for presenting hierarchical information on two-dimensional displays. Prior implementations limit the visualization to pre-defined static hierarchies. Flexible hierarchy, a new capability of Treemap 4.0, enables users to define various hierarchies through dynamically selecting a series of data attributes so that they can discover patterns, clusters and outliers. This work describes the design and implementation issues of flexible hierarchy. It then reports on a usability study, which led to enhancements to the interface.},
	keywords = {2D displays, Computer displays, Computer science, data visualisation, Data visualization, Educational institutions, flexible hierarchy, graphical user interface, Graphical user interfaces, hierarchical information, Nominations and elections, Switches, Tree data structures, Tree graphs, Treemap 4.0, Two dimensional displays, usability, visualization technique},
	isbn = {0-7695-2177-0},
	doi = {10.1109/IV.2004.1320166},
	author = {Chintalapani,G. and Plaisant, Catherine and Shneiderman, Ben}
}
@conference {16944,
	title = {A Rank-by-Feature Framework for Unsupervised Multidimensional Data Exploration Using Low Dimensional Projections},
	booktitle = {IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization, 2004. INFOVIS 2004},
	year = {2004},
	month = {2004///},
	pages = {65 - 72},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	abstract = {Exploratory analysis of multidimensional data sets is challenging because of the difficulty in comprehending more than three dimensions. Two fundamental statistical principles for the exploratory analysis are (1) to examine each dimension first and then find relationships among dimensions, and (2) to try graphical displays first and then find numerical summaries (D.S. Moore, (1999). We implement these principles in a novel conceptual framework called the rank-by-feature framework. In the framework, users can choose a ranking criterion interesting to them and sort 1D or 2D axis-parallel projections according to the criterion. We introduce the rank-by-feature prism that is a color-coded lower-triangular matrix that guides users to desired features. Statistical graphs (histogram, boxplot, and scatterplot) and information visualization techniques (overview, coordination, and dynamic query) are combined to help users effectively traverse 1D and 2D axis-parallel projections, and finally to help them interactively find interesting features},
	keywords = {axis-parallel projections, boxplot, color-coded lower-triangular matrix, computational complexity, computational geometry, Computer displays, Computer science, Computer vision, Data analysis, data mining, data visualisation, Data visualization, Displays, dynamic query, Educational institutions, exploratory data analysis, feature detection, feature detection/selection, Feature extraction, feature selection, graph theory, graphical displays, histogram, Information Visualization, interactive systems, Laboratories, Multidimensional systems, Principal component analysis, rank-by-feature prism, scatterplot, statistical analysis, statistical graphics, statistical graphs, unsupervised multidimensional data exploration, very large databases},
	isbn = {0-7803-8779-3},
	doi = {10.1109/INFVIS.2004.3},
	author = {Seo,J. and Shneiderman, Ben}
}
@article {17508,
	title = {Why not make interfaces better than 3D reality?},
	journal = {IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications},
	volume = {23},
	year = {2003},
	month = {2003/12//Nov},
	pages = {12 - 15},
	abstract = {Many constrained interfaces are designed to be simpler than the real world by restricting movement, limiting interface actions, and keeping interface objects in a plane. However, the strong utility of pure 3D interfaces for medical, architectural, product design, and scientific visualization means that interface design for pure 3D remains an important challenge. An intriguing possibility is that enhanced 3D interfaces might offer simpler navigation, more compelling functionality, safer movements, and less occlusion, than 3D reality, especially for information exploration and visualization tasks. Such features can enable superhuman capabilities such as faster-than-light teleportation, flying through objects, and X-ray vision. Enhanced 3D interfaces might have supernatural tools such as magic wands for instantly shrinking, enlarging, duplicating, or sending objects and enchanted environments that provide error prevention, history keeping, and programming-by-demonstration. Playful game designers and creative application developers have already pushed the technology further than those who seek merely to mimic reality. Advanced designs are marked by their support of rapid situation awareness through effective overviews, reduced numbers of actions to accomplish tasks; and prompt, meaningful feedback for user actions. This article reviews these clever enhanced 3D-design features and encourages approaches that facilitate user tasks rather than mimic reality.},
	keywords = {3D interfaces, 3D reality, Atmosphere, Avatars, Cities and towns, Collaboration, Computer displays, Computer Graphics, error prevention, history keeping, information exploration, Information Visualization, movements, Navigation, occlusion, overviews, programming-by-demonstration, rapid situation awareness, Testing, usability, user action feedback, User interfaces, Virtual reality, Visualization},
	isbn = {0272-1716},
	doi = {10.1109/MCG.2003.1242376},
	author = {Shneiderman, Ben}
}
@conference {14760,
	title = {Dynamic program instrumentation for scalable performance tools},
	booktitle = {Scalable High-Performance Computing Conference, 1994., Proceedings of the},
	year = {1994},
	month = {1994/05//},
	pages = {841 - 850},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	abstract = {Presents a new technique called {\textquoteleft}dynamic instrumentation{\textquoteright} that provides efficient, scalable, yet detailed data collection for large-scale parallel applications. Our approach is unique because it defers inserting any instrumentation until the application is in execution. We can insert or change instrumentation at any time during execution by modifying the application{\textquoteright}s binary image. Only the instrumentation required for the currently selected analysis or visualization is inserted. As a result, our technique collects several orders of magnitude less data than traditional data collection approaches. We have implemented a prototype of our dynamic instrumentation on the CM-5, and present results for several real applications. In addition, we include recommendations to operating system designers, compiler writers, and computer architects about the features necessary to permit efficient monitoring of large-scale parallel systems},
	keywords = {Application software, binary image, compiler writing, Computer architecture, Computer displays, Computerized monitoring, Concurrent computing, data acquisition, data collection, data visualisation, Data visualization, dynamic program instrumentation, efficient monitoring, executing program, Instruments, large-scale parallel applications, Large-scale systems, operating system design, Operating systems, parallel programming, program analysis, program diagnostics, program visualization, Programming profession, Sampling methods, scalable performance tools, software tools},
	isbn = {0-8186-5680-8},
	doi = {10.1109/SHPCC.1994.296728},
	author = {Hollingsworth, Jeffrey K and Miller, B. P and Cargille, J.}
}
@article {17430,
	title = {Touch screens now offer compelling uses},
	journal = {IEEE Software},
	volume = {8},
	year = {1991},
	month = {1991/03//},
	pages = {93 - 94},
	abstract = {Research on improving the user interfaces of touch screen applications is described. The advantages of touch screens are discusses, their current capabilities are examined, and possible future developments are considered.<>},
	keywords = {Application software, Computer aided instruction, Computer displays, Computer science, Cultural differences, Fingers, future developments, information resources, Marketing and sales, Mice, Psychology, touch screen applications, touch sensitive screens, User interfaces},
	isbn = {0740-7459},
	doi = {10.1109/52.73754},
	author = {Shneiderman, Ben}
}
@conference {17438,
	title = {Tree-maps: a space-filling approach to the visualization of hierarchical information structures},
	booktitle = {, IEEE Conference on Visualization, 1991. Visualization {\textquoteright}91, Proceedings},
	year = {1991},
	month = {1991/10/22/25},
	pages = {284 - 291},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	abstract = {A method for visualizing hierarchically structured information is described. The tree-map visualization technique makes 100\% use of the available display space, mapping the full hierarchy onto a rectangular region in a space-filling manner. This efficient use of space allows very large hierarchies to be displayed in their entirety and facilitates the presentation of semantic information. Tree-maps can depict both the structure and content of the hierarchy. However, the approach is best suited to hierarchies in which the content of the leaf nodes and the structure of the hierarchy are of primary importance, and the content information associated with internal nodes is largely derived from their children},
	keywords = {Computer displays, Computer Graphics, Computer science, Data analysis, display space, Educational institutions, Feedback, hierarchical information structures, HUMANS, Laboratories, Libraries, Marine vehicles, rectangular region, semantic information, space-filling approach, tree-map visualization technique, trees (mathematics), Two dimensional displays, Visualization},
	isbn = {0-8186-2245-8},
	doi = {10.1109/VISUAL.1991.175815},
	author = {Johnson,B. and Shneiderman, Ben}
}
@article {17301,
	title = {Multiparty Grammars and Related Features for Defining Interactive Systems},
	journal = {IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics},
	volume = {12},
	year = {1982},
	month = {1982/03//},
	pages = {148 - 154},
	abstract = {Multiparty grammars are introduced which contain labeled nonterminals to indicate the party that produces the terminal string. For interactive person-computer systems, both the user commands and system responses can be described by the linked BNF grammars. Multiparty grammars may also be used to describe communication among several people (by way of computers or in normal dialogue), network protocols among several machines, or complex interactions involving several people and machines. Visual features such as underlining, reversal, blinking, and color, window declarations, and dynamic operations dependent on cursor movement are also covered.},
	keywords = {Application software, Computer aided instruction, Computer displays, Computer languages, Computer networks, Debugging, HUMANS, interactive systems, Protocols, Writing},
	isbn = {0018-9472},
	doi = {10.1109/TSMC.1982.4308798},
	author = {Shneiderman, Ben}
}
