@article {13790,
	title = {Improved Word-Level Alignment: Injecting Knowledge about MT Divergences},
	year = {2002},
	month = {2002/02/14/},
	institution = {Instititue for Advanced Computer Studies, Univ of Maryland, College Park},
	abstract = {Word-level alignments of bilingual text (bitexts) are not an integral part of statistical machine translation models, but also useful for lexical acquisition, treebank construction. and part-of-speech tagging. The frequent occurrence of divergences, structural differences between languages, presents a great challenge to the alignment task. We resolve some of the most prevalent divergence cases by using syntactic parse information to transform the sentence structure of one language to bear a closer resemblance to that of the other language. In this paper, we show that common divergence types can be found in multiple language pairs (in particular, we focus on English-Spanish and English-Arabic) and systematically identified. We describe our techniques for modifying English parse trees to form resulting sentences that share more similarity with the sentences in the other languages; finally, we present an empirical analysis comparing the complexities of performing word-level alignments with an without divergence handling. Our results suggest that divergence-handling can improve word-level alignment.},
	keywords = {*LEXICOGRAPHY, *MACHINE TRANSLATION, *STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, *WORDS(LANGUAGE), ACQUISITION, ALIGNMENT, EXPERIMENTAL DATA, LANGUAGE, linguistics, MATHEMATICAL MODELS, STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY, TREES},
	url = {http://stinet.dtic.mil/oai/oai?\&verb=getRecord\&metadataPrefix=html\&identifier=ADA458774},
	author = {Dorr, Bonnie J and Pearl,Lisa and Hwa,Rebecca and Habash,Nizar}
}
@article {18432,
	title = {Software Process Improvement in the NASA Software Engineering Laboratory.},
	year = {1994},
	month = {1994/12//},
	institution = {CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA SOFTWARE ENGINEERING INSTITUTE},
	abstract = {The Software Engineering Laboratory (SEL) was established in 1976 for the purpose of studying and measuring software processes with the intent of identifying improvements that could be applied to the production of ground support software within the Flight Dynamics Division (FDD) at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)/Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). The SEL has three member organizations: NASA/GSFC, the University of Maryland, and Computer Sciences Corporation (CSC). The concept of process improvement within the SEL focuses on the continual understanding of both process and product as well as goal-driven experimentation and analysis of process change within a production environment.},
	keywords = {*AWARDS, *SOFTWARE ENGINEERING, *SYSTEMS ANALYSIS, *WORK MEASUREMENT, ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT, COMPUTER PROGRAMMING AND SOFTWARE, COMPUTER PROGRAMS, COMPUTERS, data acquisition, ENVIRONMENTS, EXPERIMENTAL DATA, GROUND SUPPORT., measurement, Organizations, PE63756E, Production, SOFTWARE PROCESS IMPROVEMENT, SPI(SOFTWARE PROCESS IMPROVEMENT), SPN-19950120014},
	url = {http://stinet.dtic.mil/oai/oai?\&verb=getRecord\&metadataPrefix=html\&identifier=ADA289912},
	author = {McGarry,Frank and Pajerski,Rose and Page,Gerald and Waligora,Sharon and Basili, Victor R.}
}
