@article {13819,
	title = {LEXICALL: Lexicon Construction for Foreign Language Tutoring},
	year = {1997},
	month = {1997///},
	institution = {Instititue for Advanced Computer Studies, Univ of Maryland, College Park},
	abstract = {We focus on the problem of building large repositories of lexical conceptual structure (LCS) representations for verbs in multiple languages. One of the main results of this work is the definition of a relation between broad semantic classes and LCS meaning components. Our acquisition program LEXICALL takes, as input, the result of previous work on verb classification and thematic grid tagging, and outputs LCS representations for different languages. These representations have been ported into English, Arabic and Spanish lexicons, each containing approximately 9000 verbs. We are currently using these lexicons in an operational foreign language tutoring and machine translation.},
	keywords = {*DATA ACQUISITION, *FOREIGN LANGUAGES, *MACHINE TRANSLATION, GRIDS, INFORMATION SCIENCE, LEXICOGRAPHY, LEXICONS, linguistics, Vocabulary},
	url = {http://stinet.dtic.mil/oai/oai?\&verb=getRecord\&metadataPrefix=html\&identifier=ADA458641},
	author = {Dorr, Bonnie J}
}
@article {13704,
	title = {A Lexical Conceptual Approach to Generation for Machine Translation},
	year = {1988},
	month = {1988/01//},
	institution = {MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LAB},
	abstract = {Current approaches to generation for machine translation make use of direct-replacement templates, large grammars, and knowledge-based inferencing techniques. Not only are rules language-specific, but they are too simplistic to handle sentences that exhibit more complex phenomena. Furthermore, these systems are not easily extendable to other languages because the rules that map the internal representation to the surface form are entirely dependent on both the domain of the system and the language being generated. Finally an adequate interlingual representation has not yet been discovered; thus, knowledge-based inferencing is necessary and syntactic cross-linguistic generalization cannot be exploited. This report introduces a plan for the development of a theoretically based computational scheme of natural language generation for a translation system. The emphasis of the project is the mapping from the lexical conceptual structure of sentences to an underlying or base syntactic structure called deep structure. This approach tackles the problems of thematic and structural divergence, i.e., it allows generation of target language sentences that are not thematically or structurally equivalent to their conceptually equivalent source language counterparts. Two other more secondary tasks, construction of a dictionary and mapping from deep structure to surface structure, will also be discussed. The generator operates on a constrained grammatical theory rather than on a set of surface level tranformations.},
	keywords = {*MACHINE TRANSLATION, *NATURAL LANGUAGE, *SYSTEMS APPROACH, COMPUTATIONS, CYBERNETICS, Dictionaries, grammars, internal, LEXICOGRAPHY, SURFACES, syntax, THEORY, TRANSLATIONS, WORDS(LANGUAGE)},
	url = {http://stinet.dtic.mil/oai/oai?\&verb=getRecord\&metadataPrefix=html\&identifier=ADA197356},
	author = {Dorr, Bonnie J}
}
