@article {17203,
	title = {Human Responsibility for Autonomous Agents},
	journal = {IEEE Intelligent Systems},
	volume = {22},
	year = {2007},
	month = {2007/04//March},
	pages = {60 - 61},
	abstract = {Automated or autonomous systems can sometimes fail harmlessly, but they can also destroy data, compromise privacy, and consume resources, such as bandwidth or server capacity. What{\textquoteright}s more troubling is that automated systems embedded in vital systems can cause financial losses, destruction of property, and loss of life. Controlling these dangers will increase trust while enabling broader use of these systems with higher degrees of safety. Obvious threats stem from design errors and software bugs, but we can{\textquoteright}t overlook mistaken assumptions by designers, unanticipated actions by humans, and interference from other computerized systems. This article is part of a special issue on Interacting with Autonomy.},
	keywords = {Automatic control, Autonomous agents, autonomous systems, Bandwidth, Computer bugs, Computer errors, Control systems, data privacy, Human-computer interaction, HUMANS, Robots, Safety, Software design},
	isbn = {1541-1672},
	doi = {10.1109/MIS.2007.32},
	author = {Shneiderman, Ben}
}
@article {12814,
	title = {High-confidence medical device software and systems},
	journal = {Computer},
	volume = {39},
	year = {2006},
	month = {2006/04//},
	pages = {33 - 38},
	abstract = {Given the shortage of caregivers and the increase in an aging US population, the future of US healthcare quality does not look promising and definitely is unlikely to be cheaper. Advances in health information systems and healthcare technology offer a tremendous opportunity for improving the quality of care while reducing costs. The development and production of medical device software and systems is a crucial issue, both for the US economy and for ensuring safe advances in healthcare delivery. As devices become increasingly smaller in physical terms but larger in software terms, the design, testing, and eventual Food and Drug Administration (FDA) device approval is becoming much more expensive for medical device manufacturers both in terms of time and cost. Furthermore, the number of devices that have recently been recalled due to software and hardware problems is increasing at an alarming rate. As medical devices are becoming increasingly networked, ensuring even the same level of health safety seems a challenge.},
	keywords = {Aging, biomedical equipment, Clinical software engineering, Costs, FDA device, Food and Drug Administration device, health and safety, health care, health information system, health safety, healthcare delivery, Healthcare technology, Information systems, medical computing, medical device manufacturing, medical device software development, medical device systems development, medical information systems, Medical services, Medical software, Medical tests, networked medical devices, Production systems, Software design, Software safety, Software systems, Software testing, US healthcare quality},
	isbn = {0018-9162},
	doi = {10.1109/MC.2006.127},
	author = {Lee,I. and Pappas,G. J and Cleaveland, Rance and Hatcliff,J. and Krogh,B. H and Lee,P. and Rubin,H. and Sha,L.}
}
@article {17849,
	title = {The virtual microscope},
	journal = {IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2003},
	month = {2003/12//},
	pages = {230 - 248},
	abstract = {We present the design and implementation of the virtual microscope, a software system employing a client/server architecture to provide a realistic emulation of a high power light microscope. The system provides a form of completely digital telepathology, allowing simultaneous access to archived digital slide images by multiple clients. The main problem the system targets is storing and processing the extremely large quantities of data required to represent a collection of slides. The virtual microscope client software runs on the end user{\textquoteright}s PC or workstation, while database software for storing, retrieving and processing the microscope image data runs on a parallel computer or on a set of workstations at one or more potentially remote sites. We have designed and implemented two versions of the data server software. One implementation is a customization of a database system framework that is optimized for a tightly coupled parallel machine with attached local disks. The second implementation is component-based, and has been designed to accommodate access to and processing of data in a distributed, heterogeneous environment. We also have developed caching client software, implemented in Java, to achieve good response time and portability across different computer platforms. The performance results presented show that the Virtual Microscope systems scales well, so that many clients can be adequately serviced by an appropriately configured data server.},
	keywords = {biomedical optical imaging, client software, client/server architecture, Computer architecture, Computer Graphics, computer platforms, Computer simulation, Concurrent computing, configured data server, data server software, database management systems, database software, Database systems, digital slide images, digital telepathology, diseases, emulation, Environment, Equipment Design, Equipment Failure Analysis, high power light microscope, Image databases, Image Enhancement, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Image retrieval, Information retrieval, Information Storage and Retrieval, java, local disks, microscope image data, Microscopy, multiple clients, optical microscopy, PACS, software, Software design, software system, Software systems, Systems Integration, Telepathology, User-Computer Interface, virtual microscope design, Virtual reality, Workstations},
	isbn = {1089-7771},
	doi = {10.1109/TITB.2004.823952},
	author = {Catalyurek,U. and Beynon,M. D and Chang,Chialin and Kurc, T. and Sussman, Alan and Saltz, J.}
}
@conference {17386,
	title = {Supporting creativity with powerful composition tools for artifacts and performances},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2000},
	year = {2000},
	month = {2000/01/04/7},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	abstract = {Modern software such as word processors, slide preparation/presentation tools, or music composition packages are designed to produce artifacts or performances. Now, some designers are expanding their goals to include creativity support into their software. This essay builds on the genex framework for creativity, which has four phases and eight activities. It focuses on the composition activity by considering tools to support initiation, revision, and evaluation. Some existing tools provide partial support that suggests ways in which to develop more ambitious low, middle, and high level tools. The goal is to enable more people to be more creative more of the time.},
	keywords = {artifacts, Artificial intelligence, composition tools, Computer science, Context modeling, creativity, creativity support, Educational institutions, Information retrieval, Laboratories, Manufacturing, music composition, performances, Software design, software libraries, software tools, US Department of Transportation},
	isbn = {0-7695-0493-0},
	doi = {10.1109/HICSS.2000.926896},
	author = {Shneiderman, Ben}
}
@article {17485,
	title = {Visual and textual consistency checking tools for graphical user interfaces},
	journal = {IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering},
	volume = {23},
	year = {1997},
	month = {1997/11//},
	pages = {722 - 735},
	abstract = {Designing user interfaces with consistent visual and textual properties is difficult. To demonstrate the harmful effects of inconsistency, we conducted an experiment with 60 subjects. Inconsistent interface terminology slowed user performance by 10 to 25 percent. Unfortunately, contemporary software tools provide only modest support for consistency control. Therefore, we developed SHERLOCK, a family of consistency analysis tools, which evaluates visual and textual properties of user interfaces. It provides graphical analysis tools such as a dialog box summary table that presents a compact overview of visual properties of all dialog boxes. SHERLOCK provides terminology analysis tools including an interface concordance, an interface spellchecker, and terminology baskets to check for inconsistent use of familiar groups of terms. Button analysis tools include a button concordance and a button layout table to detect variant capitalization, distinct typefaces, distinct colors, variant button sizes, and inconsistent button placements. We describe the design, software architecture, and the use of SHERLOCK. We tested SHERLOCK with four commercial prototypes. The outputs, analysis, and feedback from designers of the applications are presented},
	keywords = {button analysis tools, Color, dialog box summary table, experiment, graphical analysis tools, Graphical user interfaces, human factors, inconsistent interface terminology, interface color, interface spell checker, Output feedback, Prototypes, SHERLOCK, Software architecture, Software design, software metrics, software prototyping, software tools, Terminology, terminology analysis tools, Testing, textual consistency checking tools, user interface management systems, User interfaces, user performance, visual consistency checking tools},
	isbn = {0098-5589},
	doi = {10.1109/32.637386},
	author = {Mahajan,R. and Shneiderman, Ben}
}
@article {17222,
	title = {Image-browser taxonomy and guidelines for designers},
	journal = {IEEE Software},
	volume = {12},
	year = {1995},
	month = {1995/03//},
	pages = {21 - 32},
	abstract = {In many applications users must browse large images. Most designers merely use two one-dimensional scroll bars or ad hoc designs for two-dimensional scroll bars. However, the complexity of two-dimensional browsing suggests that more careful analysis, design, and evaluation might lead to significant improvements. Our exploration of existing 2D browsers has led us to identify many features and a wide variety of tasks performed with the browsers. We introduce an informal specification technique to describe 2D browsers and a task taxonomy, suggest design features and guidelines, and assess existing strategies. We focus on the tools to explore a selected image and so do not cover techniques to browse a series of images or to browse large-image databases},
	keywords = {analysis, Computer Graphics, design, designer guidelines, Equations, Europe, Evaluation, Formal specifications, Graphical user interfaces, Guidelines, IMAGE PROCESSING, image-browser taxonomy, informal specification technique, Laboratories, large image browsing, Layout, Road transportation, selected image exploration, SHAPE, Software design, task taxonomy, Taxonomy, tools, two-dimensional browsing, user interface management systems, visual databases},
	isbn = {0740-7459},
	doi = {10.1109/52.368260},
	author = {Plaisant, Catherine and Carr,D. and Shneiderman, Ben}
}
@article {16445,
	title = {A Special-Function Unit for Sorting and Sort-Based Database Operations},
	journal = {IEEE Transactions on Computers},
	volume = {C-35},
	year = {1986},
	month = {1986/12//},
	pages = {1071 - 1077},
	abstract = {Achieving efficiency in database management functions is a fundamental problem underlying many computer applications. Efficiency is difficult to achieve using the traditional general-purpose von Neumann processors. Recent advances in microelectronic technologies have prompted many new research activities in the design, implementation, and application of database machines which are tailored for processing database management functions. To build an efficient system, the software algorithms designed for this type of system need to be tailored to take advantage of the hardware characteristics of these machines. Furthermore, special hardware units should be used, if they are cost- effective, to execute or to assist the execution of these software algorithms.},
	keywords = {Application software, Computer applications, Database machines, Hardware, hardware sorter, Microelectronics, Software algorithms, Software design, Software systems, sort-based algorithms for database operations, sorting, special-function processor, Technology management},
	isbn = {0018-9340},
	doi = {10.1109/TC.1986.1676715},
	author = {Raschid, Louiqa and Fei,T. and Lam,H. and Su,S. Y.W}
}
