@article {12036,
	title = {A Language for Human Action},
	journal = {Computer},
	volume = {40},
	year = {2007},
	month = {2007/05//},
	pages = {42 - 51},
	abstract = {Human-centered computing (HCC) involves conforming computer technology to humans while naturally achieving human-machine interaction. In a human-centered system, the interaction focuses on human requirements, capabilities, and limitations. These anthropocentric systems also focus on the consideration of human sensory-motor skills in a wide range of activities. This ensures that the interface between artificial agents and human users accounts for perception and action in a novel interaction paradigm. In turn, this leads to behavior understanding through cognitive models that allow content description and, ultimately, the integration of real and virtual worlds. Our work focuses on building a language that maps to the lower-level sensory and motor languages and to the higher-level natural language. An empirically demonstrated human activity language provides sensory-motor-grounded representations for understanding human actions. A linguistic framework allows the analysis and synthesis of these actions.},
	keywords = {anthropocentric system, artificial agent, Artificial intelligence, cognitive model, Concrete, Databases, human action, human activity language, Human computer interaction, human factors, human sensory-motor skill, human-centered computing, human-machine interaction, HUMANS, Intelligent sensors, linguistic framework, linguistics, Mirrors, Morphology, natural language, natural languages, Neurons, Power system modeling, user interface, User interfaces},
	isbn = {0018-9162},
	doi = {10.1109/MC.2007.154},
	author = {Guerra-Filho,G. and Aloimonos, J.}
}
@conference {15840,
	title = {The effect of bilingual term list size on dictionary-based cross-language information retrieval},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 36th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2003},
	year = {2003},
	month = {2003/01/06/9},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	abstract = {Bilingual term lists are extensively used as a resource for dictionary-based cross-language information retrieval (CLIR), in which the goal is to find documents written in one natural language based on queries that are expressed in another. This paper identifies eight types of terms that affect retrieval effectiveness in CLIR applications through their coverage by general-purpose bilingual term lists, and reports results from an experimental evaluation of the coverage of 35 bilingual term lists in news retrieval application. Retrieval effectiveness was found to be strongly influenced by term list size for lists that contain between 3,000 and 30,000 unique terms per language. Supplemental techniques for named entity translation were found to be useful with even the largest lexicons. The contribution of named-entity translation was evaluated in a cross-language experiment involving English and Chinese. Smaller effects were observed from deficiencies in the coverage of domain-specific terminology when searching news stories.},
	keywords = {bilingual term list, Chinese language, Computer science, Control systems, Cross-language information retrieval, data mining, Dictionaries, dictionary-based information retrieval, Educational institutions, English language, Frequency, Information retrieval, language translation, named-entity translation, natural languages, Surface morphology, Terminology},
	isbn = {0-7695-1874-5},
	doi = {10.1109/HICSS.2003.1174250},
	author = {Demner-Fushman,D. and Oard, Douglas}
}
@article {18326,
	title = {Embedded grammar tags: advancing natural language interaction on the Web},
	journal = {Intelligent Systems, IEEE},
	volume = {17},
	year = {2002},
	month = {2002///},
	pages = {48 - 53},
	abstract = {Embedded grammar tags (EGTs) reflect Web page content by anticipating queries users might launch to retrieve that content. The grammars provide a unifying component for speech recognition engines, semantic Web page representation, and speech output generation. We propose a new framework that lets intelligent agents discover accurate, concise responses to natural language queries. This framework{\textquoteright}s backbone consists of embedded grammar tags that capture natural language queries. EGTs reflect information content in Web pages by anticipating the queries that users might launch to retrieve particular content.},
	keywords = {embedded grammar tags, grammars, information content, information resources, intelligent agents, Internet, natural language interaction, natural language queries, natural languages, Search engines, semantic Web page representation, software agents, speech output generation, Speech recognition, speech recognition engines, Web page content},
	isbn = {1541-1672},
	doi = {10.1109/5254.988450},
	author = {Dorai,G. K and Yacoob,Yaser}
}
@conference {15889,
	title = {Effects of term segmentation on Chinese/English cross-language information retrieval},
	booktitle = {String Processing and Information Retrieval Symposium, 1999 and International Workshop on Groupware},
	year = {1999},
	month = {1999///},
	pages = {149 - 157},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	abstract = {The majority of recent Cross-Language Information Retrieval (CLIR) research has focused on European languages. CLIR problems that involve East Asian languages such as Chinese introduce additional challenges, because written Chinese texts lack boundaries between terms. The paper examines three Chinese segmentation techniques in combination with two variants of dictionary-based Chinese to English query translation. The results indicate that failure to segment terms, particularly technical terms and names, can have a cascading effect that reduces retrieval effectiveness. Task-tuned segmentation algorithms and alternative term weighting strategies are suggested as productive directions for future work},
	keywords = {alternative term weighting strategies, cascading effect, Chinese segmentation techniques, Chinese/English cross-language information retrieval, Chromium, CLIR problems, Cross-Language Information Retrieval research, data mining, Dictionaries, dictionary-based Chinese, East Asian languages, English query translation, European languages, future work, Information retrieval, language translation, linguistics, natural language processing, natural languages, productive directions, Reactive power, retrieval effectiveness, task-tuned segmentation algorithms, technical terms, term segmentation, text analysis, written Chinese texts},
	isbn = {0-7695-0268-7},
	doi = {10.1109/SPIRE.1999.796590},
	author = {Oard, Douglas and Wang,Jianqiang}
}
@conference {13837,
	title = {On automatic filtering of multilingual texts},
	booktitle = {, 1994 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 1994. {\textquoteright}Humans, Information and Technology{\textquoteright}},
	volume = {2},
	year = {1994},
	month = {1994/10/02/5},
	pages = {1645-1650 vol.2 - 1645-1650 vol.2},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	abstract = {An emerging requirement to sift through the increasing flood of text information has led to the rapid development of information filtering technology in the past five years. This study introduces novel approaches for filtering texts regardless of their source language. We begin with a brief description of related developments in text filtering and multilingual information retrieval. We then present three alternative approaches to selecting texts from a multilingual information stream which represent a logical evolution from existing techniques in related disciplines. Finally, a practical automated performance evaluation technique is proposed},
	keywords = {automated performance evaluation, Business communication, Computer science, Discussion forums, Displays, Educational institutions, Floods, Government, Information filtering, Information filters, Information retrieval, multilingual information retrieval, multilingual text filtering, natural languages, performance evaluation},
	isbn = {0-7803-2129-4},
	doi = {10.1109/ICSMC.1994.400083},
	author = {Oard, Douglas and DeClaris,N. and Dorr, Bonnie J and Faloutsos,C.}
}
