@article {13640,
	title = {Script-Independent Text Line Segmentation in Freestyle Handwritten Documents},
	journal = {IEEETransactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2008/08//},
	pages = {1313 - 1329},
	abstract = {Text line segmentation in freestyle handwritten documents remains an open document analysis problem. Curvilinear text lines and small gaps between neighboring text lines present a challenge to algorithms developed for machine printed or hand-printed documents. In this paper, we propose a novel approach based on density estimation and a state-of-the-art image segmentation technique, the level set method. From an input document image, we estimate a probability map, where each element represents the probability of the underlying pixel belonging to a text line. The level set method is then exploited to determine the boundary of neighboring text lines by evolving an initial estimate. Unlike connected component based methods ( [1] and [2] for example), the proposed algorithm does not use any script-specific knowledge. Extensive quantitative experiments on freestyle handwritten documents with diverse scripts, such as Arabic, Chinese, Korean, and Hindi in the University of Maryland Multilingual database, demonstrate that our algorithm consistently outperforms previous methods [1]{\textendash}[3]. Further experiments show the proposed algorithm is robust to scale change, rotation, and noise.},
	author = {Yi,L. and Zheng,Y. and David Doermann and Jaeger,S.}
}
