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         LBSC 796/INFM 718R Spring 2011 Study Guide 
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o Structure of IR Systems
  - IR process model
  - System architecture
  - Information needs: Visceral, Conscious, Formalized, Compromised
  - Utility vs. relevance
  - Known item vs. ad hoc search

o Evidence from Content and Ranked Retrieval
  - Inverted indexing (postings file)
  - Bag of terms (segmentation, phrases, stemming, stopwords)
  - Boolean retrieval
  - Vector space ranked retrieval (TF, IDF, length normalization, BM25 )
  - Probabilistic ranked retrieval (language models)
  - Blind relevance feedback

Interaction
  - Query formulation vs. Query by example
  - Summarization (indicitive vs. informative)
  - Clustering
  - Visualization (projection, starfield, contour maps)

o Evaluation
  - Criteria (effectiveness, efficiency, usability)
  - Measures of effectiveness (recall, precision, F, MAP, NDCG)
  - Pooled relevance assessment
  - Statistical significance 
  - User studies 

o Web Search
  - Crawling 
  - PageRank
  - Anchor text
  - Deep Web (i.e., database-generated content)

o Evidence form Behavior
  - Implicit feedback
  - Privacy risks
  - Recommender systems

o Document image retrieval
  - Layout analysis
  - OCR and shape codes
  - Error-tolerant matching (e.g., character n-grams)
  - Handwriting recognition

o Evidence form Metadata
  - Standards (e.g., Dublin Core)
  - Controlled vocabulary
  - Text classification
  - Information extraction

o Filtering
  - Profile learning (Rocchio)

o Audio retrieval
  - Speech (words vs. phone n-grams, interface design)
  - Music (contour matching)

o Cross-language retrieval
  - Dictionary-based techniques
  - Corpus-based techniques (parallel corpora, comparable corpora)
  - Evaluation
  - Interactive selection

o Image retrieval
  - Color histograms
  - Texture matching
  - Image segmentation (relative position indexing)

o Video retrieval
  - Motion detection (camera, object)
  - Shot structure (boundary detection, classification)
  - Video OCR (closed caption, on screen caption, scene text)
  - Interface design (key frames, storyboard, slide show, salient stills)

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