%0 Conference Paper %B SIGCHI '12 %D 2012 %T You'Re Capped: Understanding the Effects of Bandwidth Caps on Broadband Use in the Home %A Marshini Chetty %A Banks, Richard %A Brush, A.J. %A Donner, Jonathan %A Grinter, Rebecca %K Bandwidth %K bandwidth cap %K data cap %K Internet %K metered use %K pricing %K usage-based billing %K usage-based pricing %X Bandwidth caps, a limit on the amount of data users can upload and download in a month, are common globally for both home and mobile Internet access. With caps, each bit of data consumed comes at a cost against a monthly quota or a running tab. Yet, relatively little work has considered the implications of this usage-based pricing model on the user experience. In this paper, we present results from a qualitative study of households living with bandwidth caps. Our findings suggest home users grapple with three uncertainties regarding their bandwidth usage: invisible balances, mysterious processes, and multiple users. We discuss how these uncertainties impact their usage and describe the potential for better tools to help monitor and manage data caps. We conclude that as a community we need to cater for users under Internet cost constraints. %B SIGCHI '12 %S CHI '12 %I ACM %P 3021 - 3030 %8 2012/// %@ 978-1-4503-1015-4 %G eng %U http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2207676.2208714 %0 Journal Article %J Genome ResearchGenome Res. %D 2010 %T Young Proteins Experience More Variable Selection Pressures Than Old Proteins %A Vishnoi,Anchal %A Kryazhimskiy,Sergey %A Bazykin,Georgii A %A Hannenhalli, Sridhar %A Plotkin,Joshua B. %X It is well known that young proteins tend to experience weaker purifying selection and evolve more quickly than old proteins. Here, we show that, in addition, young proteins tend to experience more variable selection pressures over time than old proteins. We demonstrate this pattern in three independent taxonomic groups: yeast, Drosophila, and mammals. The increased variability of selection pressures on young proteins is highly significant even after controlling for the fact that young proteins are typically shorter and experience weaker purifying selection than old proteins. The majority of our results are consistent with the hypothesis that the function of a young gene tends to change over time more readily than that of an old gene. At the same time, our results may be caused in part by young genes that serve constant functions over time, but nevertheless appear to evolve under changing selection pressures due to depletion of adaptive mutations. In either case, our results imply that the evolution of a protein-coding sequence is partly determined by its age and origin, and not only by the phenotypic properties of the encoded protein. We discuss, via specific examples, the consequences of these findings for understanding of the sources of evolutionary novelty. %B Genome ResearchGenome Res. %V 20 %P 1574 - 1581 %8 2010/11/01/ %@ 1088-9051, 1549-5469 %G eng %U http://genome.cshlp.org/content/20/11/1574 %N 11 %R 10.1101/gr.109595.110 %0 Journal Article %J IEEE Communications Magazine %D 2002 %T Your 802.11 network has no clothes %A Mishra,A. %A Shin,M. %A Arbaugh, William A. %B IEEE Communications Magazine %V 9 %P 44 - 51 %8 2002/// %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Linear Algebra and its Applications %D 1991 %T Yet another polynomial preconditioner for the conjugate gradient algorithm %A O'Leary, Dianne P. %X Polynomial preconditioning is a useful tool in the effective use of the conjugate gradient algorithm on special architectures such as message-passing parallel computers, machines with hierarchical memory, vector processors, and machines with very limited memory. In this work we investigate the use of a new adaptive algorithm which uses the polynomial preconditioner based on the residual polynomial from k steps of the conjugate gradient algorithm. %B Linear Algebra and its Applications %V 154–156 %P 377 - 388 %8 1991/08// %@ 0024-3795 %G eng %U http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/002437959190385A %R 10.1016/0024-3795(91)90385-A