%0 Journal Article %J IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics %D 2009 %T Temporal Summaries: Supporting Temporal Categorical Searching, Aggregation and Comparison %A Wang,T. D %A Plaisant, Catherine %A Shneiderman, Ben %A Spring, Neil %A Roseman,D. %A Marchand,G. %A Mukherjee,V. %A Smith,M. %K Aggregates %K Collaborative work %K Computational Biology %K Computer Graphics %K Data analysis %K data visualisation %K Data visualization %K Databases, Factual %K Displays %K Event detection %K Filters %K Heparin %K History %K Human computer interaction %K Human-computer interaction %K HUMANS %K Information Visualization %K Interaction design %K interactive visualization technique %K Medical Records Systems, Computerized %K Pattern Recognition, Automated %K Performance analysis %K Springs %K temporal categorical data visualization %K temporal categorical searching %K temporal ordering %K temporal summaries %K Thrombocytopenia %K Time factors %X When analyzing thousands of event histories, analysts often want to see the events as an aggregate to detect insights and generate new hypotheses about the data. An analysis tool must emphasize both the prevalence and the temporal ordering of these events. Additionally, the analysis tool must also support flexible comparisons to allow analysts to gather visual evidence. In a previous work, we introduced align, rank, and filter (ARF) to accentuate temporal ordering. In this paper, we present temporal summaries, an interactive visualization technique that highlights the prevalence of event occurrences. Temporal summaries dynamically aggregate events in multiple granularities (year, month, week, day, hour, etc.) for the purpose of spotting trends over time and comparing several groups of records. They provide affordances for analysts to perform temporal range filters. We demonstrate the applicability of this approach in two extensive case studies with analysts who applied temporal summaries to search, filter, and look for patterns in electronic health records and academic records. %B IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics %V 15 %P 1049 - 1056 %8 2009/12//Nov %@ 1077-2626 %G eng %N 6 %R 10.1109/TVCG.2009.187 %0 Journal Article %J IEEE Multimedia %D 2006 %T Hierarchical Layouts for Photo Libraries %A Kustanowitz,J. %A Shneiderman, Ben %K annotated digital photo collection %K auto-layout technique %K bi-level hierarchies %K Computer science %K data visualisation %K digital libraries %K document image processing %K Information Visualization %K interactive algorithms %K interactive displays %K Libraries %K Lifting equipment %K Organization Charts %K photo collections %K photo layouts %K photo library %K Photography %K quantum content %K Silver %K Springs %K User interfaces %K Web pages %X We use an annotated digital photo collection to demonstrate a two-level auto-layout technique consisting of a central primary region with secondary regions surrounding it. Because the object sizes within regions can only be changed in discrete units, we refer to them as quantum content. Our real-time algorithms enable a compelling interactive display as users resize the canvas, or move and resize the primary region %B IEEE Multimedia %V 13 %P 62 - 72 %8 2006/12//Oct %@ 1070-986X %G eng %N 4 %R 10.1109/MMUL.2006.83 %0 Journal Article %J IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems %D 1990 %T IPS-2: the second generation of a parallel program measurement system %A Miller, B. P %A Clark, M. %A Hollingsworth, Jeffrey K %A Kierstead, S. %A Lim,S. -S %A Torzewski, T. %K 4.3BSD UNIX systems %K automatic guidance techniques %K Automatic testing %K Charlotte distributed operating system %K CPA %K DECstation %K design concepts %K distributed programs %K graphical user interface %K Graphical user interfaces %K Instruments %K interactive program analysis %K IPS-2 %K measurement %K message systems %K network operating systems %K Operating systems %K parallel program measurement system %K parallel programming %K parallel programs %K Performance analysis %K performance analysis techniques %K performance evaluation %K performance measurement system %K Power system modeling %K program bottlenecks %K program diagnostics %K Programming profession %K semantics %K Sequent Symmetry multiprocessor %K shared-memory systems %K software tools %K Springs %K Sun %K Sun 4 %K Unix %K VAX %X IPS, a performance measurement system for parallel and distributed programs, is currently running on its second implementation. IPS's model of parallel programs uses knowledge about the semantics of a program's structure to provide two important features. First, IPS provides a large amount of performance data about the execution of a parallel program, and this information is organized so that access to it is easy and intuitive. Secondly, IPS provides performance analysis techniques that help to guide the programmer automatically to the location of program bottlenecks. The first implementation of IPS was a testbed for the basic design concepts, providing experience with a hierarchical program and measurement model, interactive program analysis, and automatic guidance techniques. It was built on the Charlotte distributed operating system. The second implementation, IPS-2, extends the basic system with new instrumentation techniques, an interactive and graphical user interface, and new automatic guidance analysis techniques. This implementation runs on 4.3BSD UNIX systems, on the VAX, DECstation, Sun 4, and Sequent Symmetry multiprocessor %B IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems %V 1 %P 206 - 217 %8 1990/04// %@ 1045-9219 %G eng %N 2 %R 10.1109/71.80132