%0 Journal Article %J Journal of Geographical Systems %D 2005 %T Spatial process and data models: Toward integration of agent-based models and GIS %A Brown,D.G. %A Riolo,R %A Robinson,D.T. %A North,M. %A Rand, William %X The use of object-orientation for both spatial data and spatial process models facilitates their integration, which can allow exploration and explanation of spatial-temporal phenomena. In order to better understand how tight coupling might proceed and to evaluate the possible functional and efficiency gains from such a tight coupling, we identify four key relationships affecting how geographic data (fields and objects) and agent-based process models can interact: identity, causal, temporal and topological. We discuss approaches to implementing tight integration, focusing on a middleware approach that links existing GIS and ABM development platforms, and illustrate the need and approaches with example agent-based models. %B Journal of Geographical Systems %V 7 %P 25 - 47 %8 2005/// %G eng %N 1 %R 10.1007/s10109-005-0148-5