TY - JOUR T1 - Empirical studies of programmers: The territory, paths, and destinations JF - Empirical studies of programmers Y1 - 1986 A1 - Shneiderman, Ben AB - This paper attempts to describe the varied intellectual territory thatprogrammers work in. It offers several paths for researchers who wish to explore this territory: controlled experiments, observational or field studies, surveys, and cognitive theories. Finally, this paper suggests several important destinations for researchers: refining the use of current languages, improving present and future languages, developing special purpose languages, and improving tools and methods. ER -