@conference {17501,
	title = {Visualizing digital library search results with categorical and hierarchical axes},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the fifth ACM conference on Digital libraries},
	series = {DL {\textquoteright}00},
	year = {2000},
	month = {2000///},
	pages = {57 - 66},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {Digital library search results are usually shown as a textual list,    with 10-20 items per page. Viewing several thousand search results at once on a two-dimensional display with continuous variables is a promising       alternative. Since these displays can overwhelm some users, we created a    simplified two-dimensional display that uses categorical and hierarchical   axes, called hieraxes. Users appreciate the meaningful and limited number   of terms on each hieraxis. At each grid point of the display we show a      cluster of color-coded dots or a bar chart. Users see the entire result set and can then click on labels to move down a level in the hierarchy.         Handling broad hierarchies and arranging for imposed hierarchies led to     additional design innovations. We applied hieraxes to a digital video   library of science topics used by middle school teachers, a legal   information system, and a technical library using the ACM Computing Classification System. Feedback from usability testing with 32 subjects revealed strengths and weaknesses.},
	keywords = {categorical axes, digital libraries, Graphical user interfaces, hierarchy, hieraxes, Information Visualization},
	isbn = {1-58113-231-X},
	doi = {10.1145/336597.336637},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/336597.336637},
	author = {Shneiderman, Ben and Feldman,David and Rose,Anne and Grau,Xavier Ferr{\'e}}
}
