@article {18267,
	title = {Robust and secure image hashing},
	journal = {Information Forensics and Security, IEEE Transactions on},
	volume = {1},
	year = {2006},
	month = {2006/06//},
	pages = {215 - 230},
	abstract = {Image hash functions find extensive applications in content authentication, database search, and watermarking. This paper develops a novel algorithm for generating an image hash based on Fourier transform features and controlled randomization. We formulate the robustness of image hashing as a hypothesis testing problem and evaluate the performance under various image processing operations. We show that the proposed hash function is resilient to content-preserving modifications, such as moderate geometric and filtering distortions. We introduce a general framework to study and evaluate the security of image hashing systems. Under this new framework, we model the hash values as random variables and quantify its uncertainty in terms of differential entropy. Using this security framework, we analyze the security of the proposed schemes and several existing representative methods for image hashing. We then examine the security versus robustness tradeoff and show that the proposed hashing methods can provide excellent security and robustness.},
	keywords = {content-preserving, cryptography;, differential, distortions;, entropy;, Filtering, Fourier, functions;, hash, hashing;, image, modifications;, processing;, secure, theory;, transform;, transforms;},
	isbn = {1556-6013},
	doi = {10.1109/TIFS.2006.873601},
	author = {Swaminathan,A. and Mao,Yinian and M. Wu}
}
@conference {18280,
	title = {Security of feature extraction in image hashing},
	booktitle = {Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2005. Proceedings. (ICASSP {\textquoteright}05). IEEE International Conference on},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2005},
	month = {2005/03//},
	pages = {ii/1041 - ii/1044 Vol. 2 - ii/1041 - ii/1044 Vol. 2},
	abstract = {Security and robustness are two important requirements for image hash functions. We introduce "differential entropy" as a metric to quantify the amount of randomness in image hash functions and to study their security. We present a mathematical framework and derive expressions for the proposed security metric for various common image hashing schemes. Using the proposed security metric, we discuss the trade-offs between security and robustness in image hashing.},
	keywords = {cryptography;, differential, digital, entropy;, extraction;, feature, functions;, hash, hashing;, image, metric;, processing;, randomness;, robustness;, Security, signature;, signatures;},
	doi = {10.1109/ICASSP.2005.1415586},
	author = {Swaminathan,A. and Mao,Yinian and M. Wu}
}
@conference {18225,
	title = {Image hashing resilient to geometric and filtering operations},
	booktitle = {Multimedia Signal Processing, 2004 IEEE 6th Workshop on},
	year = {2004},
	month = {2004/10/01/sept},
	pages = {355 - 358},
	abstract = {Image hash functions provide compact representations of images, which is useful for search and authentication applications. In this work, we have identified a general three step framework and proposed a new image hashing scheme that achieves a better overall performance than the existing approaches under various kinds of image processing distortions. By exploiting the properties of discrete polar Fourier transform and incorporating cryptographic keys, the proposed image hash is resilient to geometric and filtering operations, and is secure against guessing and forgery attacks.},
	keywords = {compact, cryptographic, cryptography;, discrete, distortion;, Filtering, Fourier, function;, geometric, hash, image, key, key;, operation;, polar, PROCESSING, public, representation;, theory;, transform;, transforms;},
	doi = {10.1109/MMSP.2004.1436566},
	author = {Swaminathan,A. and Mao,Yinian and M. Wu}
}
