@article {15861,
	title = {Mandarin-English Information (MEI): investigating translingual speech retrieval},
	journal = {Computer Speech \& Language},
	volume = {18},
	year = {2004},
	month = {2004/04//},
	pages = {163 - 179},
	abstract = {This paper describes the Mandarin{\^a}{\texteuro}{\textquotedblleft}English Information (MEI) project, where we investigated the problem of cross-language spoken document retrieval (CL-SDR), and developed one of the first English{\^a}{\texteuro}{\textquotedblleft}Chinese CL-SDR systems. Our system accepts an entire English news story (text) as query, and retrieves relevant Chinese broadcast news stories (audio) from the document collection. Hence, this is a cross-language and cross-media retrieval task. We applied a multi-scale approach to our problem, which unifies the use of phrases, words and subwords in retrieval. The English queries are translated into Chinese by means of a dictionary-based approach, where we have integrated phrase-based translation with word-by-word translation. Untranslatable named entities are transliterated by a novel subword translation technique. The multi-scale approach can be divided into three subtasks {\^a}{\texteuro}{\textquotedblleft} multi-scale query formulation, multi-scale audio indexing (by speech recognition) and multi-scale retrieval. Experimental results demonstrate that the use of phrase-based translation and subword translation gave performance gains, and multi-scale retrieval outperforms word-based retrieval.},
	keywords = {English{\^a}{\texteuro}{\textquotedblleft}Chinese cross-language spoken document retrieval, Multi-scale spoken document retrieval},
	isbn = {0885-2308},
	doi = {10.1016/j.csl.2003.09.003},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0885230803000524},
	author = {Meng,Helen M. and Chen,Berlin and Khudanpur,Sanjeev and Levow,Gina-Anne and Lo,Wai-Kit and Oard, Douglas and Schone,Patrick and Tang,Karen and Wang,Hsin-Min and Wang,Jianqiang}
}
